Every Prayer Must Be Offered in its fixed time- Salat..Salah..namaz..

I Seek refuge in Almighty Allah Subhanahu WA Ta’aala (GOD) from the Shaitan.

      In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

        Combine two prayers

As a basic rule, every prayer must be offered in its fixed time as mentioned in the Qur'an

 {…, perform As-Salât (Iqâmatas Salât). Verily, the prayer is enjoined on the believers at fixed hours.} [4: 103].

 This is proved through the sayings and practice of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam)

The Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) said: "You should offer the prayers just as you have seen me performing them”. [Imam al-Bukhari].

But, if there are any emergencies or uncomfortable situations one may find the religion easy as Almighty Allah Subhanahu WA Ta’aala (GOD) Says (interpretation of meaning):

 {…, and has not laid upon you in religion any hardship,} [22: 78].

Most of the people of knowledge are of the opinion that it is permissible to combine two prayers

 During the time of either one of them while traveling,

Regardless of whether the person is actually on the road or has stopped at a place for some time.

Some of the daily prayers can be performed as jam at-taqdim (early combination) and as jam at-takhir (late combination).

Kuraib reported that Ibn 'Abbas said: "Shall I not inform you of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) during a journey?"

 We said: "Certainly." He said: "If the sun passed its meridian while he stopped,

He would combine the Zuhr and 'Asr prayers before remounting [i.e., moving on].

If the sun had not passed its meridian while he had stopped [i.e., before breaking camp],

He would travel until the time of the 'Asr prayer and then he would combine the Zuhr and Asr prayers. If the sun set while he had stopped, he would combine the Maghrib and 'Isha prayers.

 If that did not occur while he had stopped, he would ride until the 'Isha time and then combine them." This is related by Ahmad.

Imam Ash-Shafi has something similar in his Musnad, namely that when he [the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam)] set out to travel before the sun passed its meridian,

He delayed the Zuhr prayer and combines it with the 'asr during the time of the 'asr Salah.  "To combine the two prayers due to traveling

Is something that is well-known and was practiced by the companions of the Prophet Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam and those who followed them?"

Imam Malik records in al-Muwatta' from Mu'azh that the Prophet Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam

 Delayed his Salah one day during the battle of Tabuk and then went and prayed the Zuhr and 'asr prayers together.

Then he returned and went back again and said the Maghrib and 'Isha prayers together.

Commenting on this report, Imam ash-Shafi says: "His statement, 'then he returned and left again,

‘Only refers to a situation where the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) was staying in a certain place [i.e., he was not traveling from one site to another]. "

The people who are familiar with the life history of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) say that the battle of Tabuk took place in the ninth year of the Hijra.

This Hadith is a clear proof and the strongest evidence against those

 Who claim that one can only combine the prayers while one is actually moving from one site to another as the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) was settled And was not traveling since the Prophet was staying in his tent and would come out and combine two prayers and then return to his tent.

Muslim recorded this Hadith in his Sahih and stated: 'He would pray the Zuhr and 'asr together and the Maghrib and 'Isha together.

One must follow this Hadith as it is confirmed [to be authentic] and it is a clear statement on this rule and there is nothing which contradicts it.

 The permission to combine the Salah is a concession for anyone who is traveling

But it is by no means confined to just those times when the person is actually on the road [i.e., traveling from one place to another].

The same is the case for shortening the Salah and for wiping over the socks, but it is best to delay it.'

": Having the intention to combine is not a condition for combining or shortening the Salah.

When the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) combined the Salah with his companions or shortened the Salah with them,

 He never ordered any of them to make the intention for combining or shortening the Salah.

In fact, when he left Madinah for Makkah, he prayed two Rak’ats without combining the Salah,

 And then he (the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) prayed the Zuhr prayer at 'Arafat without telling the people that he intended to pray the 'asr right afterward,

 Next he prayed the 'ASR with them and they did not have the intention to combine their prayers,

And in that combination he prayed the latter Salah early.

 When he went from Madinah, he led the people in the ASR Salah at Zhul-Halifah and he did not order them to make the intention to shorten the Salah” Concerning offering the two combined prayers right after each other,

 "The correct opinion is that it is not a necessary condition to do so under any circumstances, neither during the time of the first Salah nor during the time of the latter Salah.

There is no such limit in the Shariah and doing so would defeat the purpose of the concession [i.e., permission to combine the two Salah].

“Imam Ash-Shafi says: "It is quite permissible for a person to pray the Maghrib in his house with the intention of combining the prayers

And then go to the mosque to pray the 'Isha." A similar statement has been related from Ahmad.

You are not allowed to join prayers according to the Hanafi madhhab. You can pray in such a manner so that you pray your Zuhr prayer just as 'ASR time is about to begin (and there is still time for Zuhr) and when 'ASR time arrives, you continue on with 'asr Salah after making the adhan.

(for example, Maghrib) doesn't start for example..., 8:52pm (the start of Maghrib) to 10:56pm (the start of Isha), as long as you leave enough time for Maghrib to be performed in time for the start of Isha, then, if preferred, you can go straight onto performing Isha.

Combining two prayers due to some pressing need

Imam an-Nawawi writes in his commentary on Sahih Muslim:

 "The majority of the scholars are of the opinion that it is allowed for the resident to combine the prayers due to some pressing need.

 This is the statement of Ibn Sireen and Ashhab from the companions of Imam Malik,

And al-Khattabi records it from al-Qifal and Imam ash-Shafi and from Abu Ishaq al-Maruzi,

 And from a number of as-hab al-Ahadith, and it is the conclusion of Ibn al-Munzhir.

This is supported by the statement of ibn 'Abbas:

'The Prophet combined his Salah because he did not want to put his Ummah to hardship, And not because of illness or any other reason.

"' The Hadith from Ibn 'Abbas, mentioned previously, has been recorded by Imam Muslim who states:

 "The Messenger of Allah combined the Zuhr and 'asr and then the Maghrib and 'Isha in Madinah without there being any danger or rain." Ibn 'Abbas was asked: "What did he desire by that action?" He replied: "He did not want any hardship for his Ummah." Al-Bukhari and Muslim record from him that the Prophet: prayed seven Rak'ats and eight Rak'at, i.e., the Zuhr and 'asr together and the Maghrib and 'Isha together, in Madinah. Muslim also records from 'Abdullah ibn Shaqiq that 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas addressed the people one day after the 'asr Salah until well after the sun had set and the stars began to appear. The people said to him: "The prayer, the prayer." A man from the tribe of Taim continuously repeated: "The prayer, the prayer." Ibn 'Abbas said: "Are you teaching me the Sunnah? May you have no mother?" Then he said: "I saw the Messenger of Allah combine the Zuhr and 'asr and the Maghrib and 'Isha." 'Abdullah ibn Shaqiq commented: "I felt some uneasiness in my heart about what he had said, so I went to Abu Hurairah to ask him about that, and he confirmed what Ibn 'Abbas had said."

In the light of the above details, it is safest to act according to the opinion of the majority of Muslim scholars.

So, he should perform every prayer on its fixed time.

However, if there is pressing need or emergencies he may act according to the opinion of Ibn Abbas

Qadha prayers can be prayed at any time during the day or night except at three times:

When the sun rises up (until it is above the horizon by the length of a spear, about twenty minutes after sun rise), when the sun is at its zenith until it begins to move, and when the sun turns red until it sets (about twenty minutes to half an hour before sun set.

This issue is a major one between the Fiqh schools.

 The Hanafi have judged all the narrations on this issue to be based on the method of “apparent combining” (Jam’ al-Suri) not “real combining” (jam’ al-Haqiqi). What this means is that since we are told to make every prayer on time, and there is Hadith of Ibn Masud which clarify that the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) he never combined the prayers together (by taking a prayer out of its time) except in ‘Arafa and Muzdalifa during the pilgrimage.

 “Combing Two Prayers”

3. ‘Abdullah ibn Masud relates:

I never observed the Messenger of Allah perform any prayer out of its time except at Muzdalifa.

He combined Maghrib and ‘Isha at Muzdalifa (Sahih al-Bukhari 1:227, Sahih Muslim 1:417, Sharh Ma’ani ‘l-athar 1:164).

4. Another narration of Ibn Masud states:

The Messenger of Allah combined two prayers whilst on a journey. He would combine Maghrib and ‘Isha by delaying Maghrib until just before its expiry time, and performing ‘Isha immediately as its time entered (Musannaf Ibn Abu Shayba 2:458).

5. ‘Aishah R.A. narrates:

The Messenger of Allah, whilst on a journey, would delay Zuhr and perform ‘ASR early and would delay Maghrib and perform ‘Isha early (i.e. perform each prayer in its own time) (Sharh Ma’ani ‘l-athar 1:164, Musannaf Ibn Abi Shayba 2:457).

6. Ibn ‘Abbas narrates:

I performed eight Rak’ats together (four of Zuhr and four of ‘Asr) and seven Rak’ats together (three of Maghrib and four of ‘Isha) with the Messenger of Allah. (One of the narrators says,) “I asked Abu ‘l-Sha’tha’, ‘I assume he delayed Zuhr (to the end of its time) and performed ‘Asr as soon as it entered, and delayed Maghrib (likewise) and performed ‘Isha early.’ He replied, ‘I also think the same’” (Sahih Muslim 1:246, Musannaf Ibn Abi Shayba 2: 456).

This Hadith of Sahih Muslim is very clear about the exact description of combining two prayers.

7. Imam Abu Dawud has transmitted the following:

The muezzin of ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar informed him it was time for prayer. Ibn ‘Umar instructed him to continue on the journey. When the red of sunset (shafq ahmar) had nearly disappeared, he got of from his mount and performed Maghrib, and then he waited until the red had completely disappeared and performed Isha. He then said, “Whenever the Messenger of Allah was in a hurry for some reason, he would do just as I have done” (Sunan Abi Dawud 1:178).

As we can see, the method of combining mentioned in the above Hadith is none other than that of jam’ al-Suri. It is an agreed upon method which nobody has any argument with. How can there be an objection to two prayers being performed together in a way that does not cause them to be performed either before their stipulated time or after it? Undoubtedly, this is the safest method of combining two prayers, and would be the most suitable way to explain the Hadith on combining.

It is also common knowledge that the Fajr prayer should not to be performed before its time or intentionally delayed beyond it. Similarly, other prayers should not be performed out of their stipulated times either, especially not while considering it to be Sunna. This indicates that the Sunna method of combining two prayers is jam’ al-suri, as has also been substantiated through the Qur’an and Hadith. This is the Hanafi opinion in this issue.

As Muslims it should be our utmost duty to make sure our Salah is prayed and also that it is prayed on time.

Almighty Allah Subhanahu WA Ta’aala (GOD) says in the Qur’an: "Verily, Salah is enjoined upon believers at FIXED hours".

Any deviation from this direct command will be considered unlawful!

Some Scholars are of the opinion that one can combine prayers [out of its stipulated time], but the condition for this is that you have to be on a journey, be ill or really bad weather.

If you belong to the Hanafi Madhhab you are not allowed to even combine prayers regardless of any situation, be it journey, illness etc. the only situation your allowed to combine prayers out of its stipulated time is intense Jihad.

but if your condition is so bad that you have missed your prayers then the best thing for you to do is practice Jamaal as-Suri [apparent combining]

this is when you pray for example Zuhr just before the end of Zuhr [the time of Zuhr finishes] then as soon as it hits 'Asr you will pray 'Asr. In the literal sense you are combining but at the same time you are not conflicting with the Zuhr [literal] verse in the Qur’an which tells the believers to pray the prayers at its specified time.

As Muslims we should strive to pray all our Prayers on time and with Jam'aah. Insh’Allah.

According to the Hanafi Madhhab, it is not permissible to join two Salahs in
one time. Every Salah must be performed in its prescribed time.

Apparent joining of two Salahs is permissible, not real joining. Apparent
joining is to, for example, delay Zuhr Salaah until before its expiry time
and perform Asr Salaah immediately upon Asr Salaah time setting in. the same
may be applied for Maghrib and Isha Salahs.

If it was permissible to practice jam’ al-Haqiqi in the event of travel or illness, etc., then why is it confined to some prayers only? Why is it not permissible to perform all the prayers of the day together in the morning before departing on a journey? The reason for this is quite simple. The practice of combining mentioned in the Hadith is not to be taken as jam al-Haqiqi, but as jam al-suri wherein each prayer remains in its own time, but are performed one after another.

Remember this..

As a basic rule, every prayer must be offered in its fixed time as mentioned in the Qur'an

 {…, perform As-Salât (Iqâmatas Salât). Verily, the prayer is enjoined on the believers at fixed hours.} [4: 103].

 This is proved through the sayings and practice of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam)

  And Almighty Allah Subhanahu WA Ta’aala (GOD) knows best

 If I said anything correct, then it is from Allah (Subhanahu WA Ta’aala),

      And if I erred, then that is from me and Shaitan.

May Allah Subhanahu WA Ta’aala (GOD) make us from the Companions of His Book and unite us with His righteous slaves in the highest gardens of Paradise. Amen.

May Allah Subhanahu wata`aalaa grant us what is best in this world and the next!

Action speaks louder then words my friend’s practice Islam the way of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) did.

 May Allah Subhanahu WA Ta’aala (GOD) help us to do that which He loves and which pleases Him?

May Allah Subhanahu WA Ta’aala (GOD) make our efforts sincere and keep us all on the straight path...........

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